AGVs have been known in Europe since the 1960s and are now used in almost all industrial sectors to transport materials and goods autonomously. Goods of various dimensions, sizes, and shapes can be transported over a defined network of routes. For this purpose, passive load handling devices, such as storage areas or mounting devices, or active load handling devices, such as roller conveyors, chain and belt conveyors for picking up load carriers are installed on the AGVs. By permanently scanning the driving area, AGVs can be used in automated work areas, but also in areas with pedestrian traffic. In addition to the possibility of exchanging the load handling devices on the AGVs, the vehicles themselves also differ depending on the area of ​​application. Within the area of small warehouses, only a few kilograms of goods can be transported, while the large AGVs transport loads of up to 50 tons. Also, they now distribute sterile food in hospitals, transport overseas containers in the port of Hamburg, pull tugger trains in assembly plants, or serve as mobile picking robots. Thus, AGVs can be used extremely flexibly and the fields of use are constantly expanding.

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